Bulgaria seeks restrictions on Ukrainian egg imports

Overwhelming imports are believed to be the key factor preventing the industry from recovering after a devastating bird flu outbreak at the end of 2023. The Bulgarian government appealed to the European Commission, requesting to protect egg manufacturers “from negative market trends emerging as a result of imports from Ukraine”.

“The procedure for preparing a written request to the European Commission has already been kicked out,” Georgi Tahov, Bulgarian Agricultural Minister, outlined during a press conference.

On 2 July, the European Commission reimposed tariff quotas on Ukrainian eggs, subjecting imports to a €89 per tonne duty. Bulgarian farmers insist the measure is not sufficient and seek a full ban on Ukrainian egg imports.

Imports skyrocket

In 2024, Bulgaria experienced a 400% hike in imports of eggs from Ukraine, Daniel Bozhankov, chairman of the Association of Industrial Poultry Breeding, has estimated. According to Bozhankov, the import duty doesn’t work – it is equal to only 5% of the wholesale price of eggs, so failed to curb the import flow. In fact, the deliveries have even picked up since the measure was introduced.

Bozhankov claimed that in May, nearly 311 tonnes of eggs were imported into Bulgaria, while in July, only two regions – Veliko Tarnovo and Dobrich – saw 432 tonnes land on their markets. Given the size of the Bulgarian market, the figure is enormous, Bozhankov stated, adding that cheap imports incur “millions of losses” to local farmers.

Price difference

The Association of Industrial Poultry Breeding is not backing down. They are demanding that the authorities urge the European Commission to activate the ban on Ukrainian egg imports within 120 days. If their demands are not met, they are prepared to escalate their protest with a mass rally.

Ukrainian eggs are 20-30% cheaper compared to those manufactured by local farmers, Bozhankov estimated. He explained that Ukrainian manufacturers manage to keep the production costs relatively low, as they do not need to comply with European poultry welfare standards.

Bird flu aftermath

Overwhelming imports are also preventing the Bulgarian poultry industry from recovering from a large-scale bird flu outbreak that wreaked havoc in 2023. Over 1.5 million heads of laying hens were lost in the outbreak, leading to a significant drop in Bulgaria’s egg self-sufficiency from close to 115% to below 100%. This loss of self-sufficiency has deprived Bulgaria of its status as a net egg exporter.